Treatment depends on the cause and severity:
- Vitamin B12-rich foods (meat, fish, eggs, dairy, and fortified foods).
- Oral vitamin B12 supplements for many people.
- Vitamin B12 injections if absorption is impaired or the deficiency is severe.
- Treatment of the underlying cause, if one is identified.
Many people begin to feel better within days to weeks of treatment, although recovery of nerve symptoms can take months. Long-standing nerve damage may not fully reverse.
If you have symptoms such as numbness, tingling, difficulty walking, severe fatigue, or memory problems, it’s a good idea to arrange a medical evaluation promptly, since early treatment can help prevent complications.
